Background: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a cause of acute renal\r\nfailure in hospitalized patients. The major organosulfur compounds in the aged\r\ngarlic, which are of structural similarities with N-acetylcysteine, have potent\r\nantioxidant activities. The aim of this study was to assess the renoprotective\r\neffects of aged garlic following radiocontrast administration.\r\nMethods: In a randomized clinical trial, 395 patients who underwent coronary\r\nangiography randomly assigned into two groups. Control group (n = 206)\r\nreceived isotonic saline (before and after angiography). Garlic group (n = 189)\r\nadditionally received aged garlic (15 gr/day) from one week before to three days\r\nfollowing angiography. High-osmolar ionic contrast and non-ionic hypo-osmolar\r\ncontrast were used for non-diabetic (n = 327) and diabetic (n = 68) patients,\r\nrespectively. Contrast-induced nephropathy defined as an absolute increase in the\r\nserum creatinine of at least 0.5 mg/dl at day 2 to 5 of contrast administration.\r\nResults: In non-diabetic group, the rate of CIN significantly diminished in the\r\ngarlic group at day 5 (2% versus 9.5% in the control group at day 5, P = 0.005).\r\nThough diabetic patients who received a hypo-osmolar non-ionic contrast had a\r\nlower rate of CIN with garlic consumption (2.4% versus 14.8% in the control\r\ngroup at day 5), such an effect did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.077).\r\nConclusion: In conclusion, the aged garlic consumed before and after coronary\r\nangiography could prevent CIN in non-diabetic patient who had received a highosmolar\r\nionic contrast.
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